Towards a Competitive Digital EU: Regulatory Effectiveness in Practice

HEC Paris
David Restrepo Amariles is Associate Professor of Artificial Intelligence and Law, as well as the Worldline Chair on the Future of Money at HEC Paris. He serves as the Director of the Centre on the Future of Money and Digital Assets and is a Fellow at the Hi! Paris Centre on Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence, where he leads the Smart Law Hub. He is a member of the Collegium — Royal Academy of Sciences, Letters, and Fine Arts of Belgium, where he contributes as a member of the Class Technology and Society. David is a prominent public speaker and a sought-after advisor, offering guidance to firms on digital transformation and co-founding several tech start-ups. He extends his expertise globally, advising governments on legal reform in the realms of data and technology..

Brussels Privacy Hub, VUB
Sophie Stalla-Bourdillon is co-Director of the Privacy Hub. She is also a visiting professor at the University of Southampton Law School of law, where she held the chair in IT law and Data Governance until 2022. She was Principal Legal Engineer at Immuta Research for six years.
Sophie is the author and co-author of several legal articles, chapters and books on data protection and privacy. She is Editor-in-chief of the Computer Law and Security Review, a leading international journal of technology law, and has also served as a legal and data privacy expert for the European Commission, the Council of Europe, the Organisation for the Cooperation and Security in Europe, and for the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. .

OECD
Daniel Trnka is the Deputy Head of the Regulatory Policy Division of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

European Parliament
Kai Zenner is Head of Office and Digital Policy Adviser for MEP Axel Voss (European People’s Party Group) in the European Parliament. Describing himself as a digital enthusiast, he focuses on AI, data and the EU’s digital transition. Currently, he is involved in the political negotiations on the AI Act, AI liability directive, eprivacy Regulation and GDPR revision. In his individual capacity, he is pushing for reforms within the European Parliament and for bringing back the Better Regulation agenda to EU policymaking.

OECD

OECD
Natalie Cohen leads the Regulatory Governance for Global Challenges team within the OECD’s Governance Directorate. She joined the OECD with 12 years of applied experience in public policy development and implementation, including nine years with the UK government and the last three with the French government. Her expertise includes the “Better Regulation” toolkit, legislation implementation, and the implementation of modernization and simplification projects.

University of Southern Denmark
Jukka Ruohonen works currently as an assistant professor at the University of Southern Denmark. His research interests are broad, covering cyber security, software engineering, technology policy, and the European Union, among other things. He is also involved in practical policy-making.

Fraunhofer ISI
Nicholas Martin joined Fraunhofer ISI in 2017 as a senior researcher and project manager. His research focuses on industrial and innovation policy, the data economy, and technology and digital regulation. In his projects, he has worked on American and Chinese industrial policy, the effects of the GDPR on innovation and the economy, and on the development and adoption (or otherwise!) of a wide range of digital technologies, from data spaces/data trusts to self-sovereign identities, privacy enhancing technologies and digital platforms in the energy sector. Further research interests are the politics and economies of China and the US, climate and environmental policy, and rewilding.

OECD
Rashad is tasked with conducting research on international legislative and industry-wide developments related to responsible business conduct, with a specific focus in the extractives sector and mineral supply chains, but recently also branching out to explore issues related to digitalisation and emerging tech (AI, online platforms, and blockchain). Rashad is also involved in analysing allegations of potential links between the mineral trade and bribery, money laundering, terrorist financing, conflict financing, severe human rights abuses, tax evasion and fraud.

Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society / Law & Innovation
Prof. Dr. Maximilian von Grafenstein LL.M. is an associated researcher in the New Technologies and Future of Law research focus and Professor for “Digital Self-Determination” at the Berlin Career College of the University of the Arts in Berlin (UdK), part of the Einstein Center Digital Future (ECDF). He is also co-head of the research programme “Data, Actors, Infrastructures: Governance of Data-Driven Innovation and Cybersecurity” at the Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society (HIIG). Max’ research focuses on the regulation of data-driven innovation focusing on “Data Protection and Security by Design”.

EDRi
Itxaso Domínguez de Olazábal, PhD, is a policy advisor at European Digital Rights (EDRi), the largest network in Europe of organisations and experts working on the defence of fundamental rights across the digital realm. She mainly specialised in data protection and privacy, as well as the modernisation of consumer law, with a focus on commercial surveillance and the multidimensional virtual harms caused by online tracking.

Brussels Privacy Hub, VUB
Barbara Lazarotto is a Ph.D. researcher at LSTS and a former Marie-Sklodowska Curie Action’s Fellow.

Atos — Global Head of Data Protection

A&O Shearman — Partner, Head of Tech & Data Practice
Laurie-Anne is head of the Tech & Data practice in Paris. She is specialized in the fields of information technology and data protection law. She assists French and international blue chip clients with the digitalization of their activities, including in relation to strategic partnerships, cybersecurity issues, data monetization and the launch of online tech products and services (including when based on the use of AI) in a broad range of sectors. She has developed an expertise in the drafting and negotiation of complex IT agreements, including in relation to M&A transactions.

University College Dublin
Dr Michael Spratt is an independent researcher and data-protection consultant whose work focuses on Data Protection Impact Assessments (DPIAs). He has over thirty years of experience in technical and managerial roles across sectors including telecommunications and IT, and has lived and worked in multiple countries across Europe, Africa, and the Middle East. A national expert with CEN/CENELEC JTC21 and a member of the European Data Protection Board’s Support Pool of Experts, he holds a PhD in Law from University College Dublin, an MBA from the University of Strathclyde, and a Bachelor of Engineering in Electrical Engineering from University
College Dublin.

Dublin City University
Tytti Rintamäki is a PhD researcher at Dublin City University, where she conducts multidisciplinary research bridging the fields of Computer Science and Law. Tytti specialised in emerging technology regulation at the European University Institute, obtaining a Master of Arts in Italy, building on her Bachelor of Political Science in International Relations and Organisations obtained from Leiden University in the Netherlands.

HEC Paris
Pablo Marcello Baquero is Assistant Professor at HEC Paris and a Fellow at the Hi! Paris Center on Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence for Science, Business and Society. He is a member of the Smart Law Hub at HEC Paris, is involved in different interdisciplinary academic communities focused on law and technology and collaborates closely with scholars across different disciplines, in projects at the intersection between law and AI.

Researcher, engineer, and entrepreneur building intelligent systems and innovative products. Funder of Suzan AI.

Geoffrey Aerts is a Belgian academic, strategist, and innovation practitioner working at the intersection of artificial intelligence, entrepreneurship, and strategic decision-making. He is affiliated with the Vrije Universiteit Brussel and the FARI AI Institute for the Common Good, where he contributes to AI training, research initiatives, and startup acceleration programs. His work focuses on translating complex technological and strategic challenges into actionable frameworks for organizations, researchers, and entrepreneurs. Alongside his academic activities, Geoffrey develops practical methodologies for decision-making under uncertainty, combining insights from strategy, data analysis, and emerging technologies. He is particularly interested in how AI, data governance, and deep-tech innovation reshape organizations, markets, and policy. His work spans research, teaching, venture support, and advisory roles across the European innovation ecosystem..

Wesleyan University
Sebastian is an associate professor at Wesleyan University’s Mathematics and Computer Science Department. His research interests are information privacy and security. He is developing privacy tech and policy for the web and other systems. To help people exercise their privacy rights Sebastian makes use of AI and program analysis techniques. Sebastian founded Global Privacy Control and is leading the privacy-tech-lab at Wesleyan. He is advising tech companies and governmental regulators.Before coming to Wesleyan Sebastian was a postdoc at Carnegie Mellon’s Institute for Software Research. He studied computer science at Columbia University (PhD, MS) and was a Google Research Fellow at the Berkeley Center for Law & Technology. He was an attorney with Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer (California and German bar admissions currently inactive). He studied law at the University of Kiel (PhD, JD) and the University of California, Berkeley (LLM).

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Maitrayee Pathak is a Senior Researcher in Public Law and Computer Science at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, where she conducts interdisciplinary research at the intersection of law and technology. She obtained her PhD in International Private Law from the University of Szeged, following her LLM and LLB qualifications in India. Her research focuses on EU data governance, privacy, and the regulation of AI systems, with particular emphasis on traceability, transparency, and multi-jurisdictional data frameworks.
Apart from her research, she is a practising legal counsel and specialist in privacy, financial regulations, fintech, legal tech and AI.

Tilburg University
Inge Graef is Associate Professor of Competition Law at Tilburg University. She is affiliated with the Tilburg Institute for Law, Technology, and Society (TILT) and the Tilburg Law and Economics Center (TILEC). Her work involves the domains of competition law, platform regulation and the governance of data. Inge is particularly interested in the interaction of competition law and digital regulation with other legal regimes, such as intellectual property, data protection and consumer law, from a substantive as well as an institutional and enforcement perspective. Her work often has an interdisciplinary angle, combining approaches at the interface of law & economics with law & technology.

TU Dresden
Working at the intersection of AI and law, Philip Meinel is a researcher and PhD candidate at the University of Technology in Dresden. His research primarily focuses on the regulation of high-risk AI systems within the AI Act. Specifically, his PhD thesis examines human oversight according to Article 14 and its interactions with other stipulations within and beyond the AI Act. Further research interests include the regulation of emotion recognition systems and newly emerging AI agents.

CRANIUM
Bernd Fiten is Head of Digital Law at CRANIUM, where he advises organisations on digital regulations. He has in-depth expertise in the GDPR, AI Act, NIS2 and IT contracts. In addition to his role at CRANIUM, Bernd is a teaching assistant at KU Leuven, a speaker and (co-)author of various publications. As a certified ISO 27001 Implementer, he combines legal advice with a pragmatic focus on information security.

HEC Paris
Jean-Edouard Colliard is Associate Professor of Finance at HEC Paris, which he joined in 2014. He obtained a PhD in Economics in 2012 from the Paris School of Economics. Before joining HEC, Jean-Edouard worked for two years as an economist in the Directorate General Research of the European Central Bank. His main research areas are the regulation of financial institutions and the microstructure of financial markets, including topics such as the impact of artificial intelligence, financial transactions taxes, bank capital requirements, or the European Banking Union. Jean-Edouard’s research has been published in leading finance and management journals such as the Journal of Finance, the Review of Financial Studies, the Review of Finance, and Management Science. He is an Associate Editor of the journal Management Science.

HEC Paris
Klaus Miller joined the Marketing Department at HEC Paris as an Assistant Professor of Marketing and Hi! Paris Chairholder for the Study of Data Science & Artificial Intelligence in Business and Society in the Fall 2021. His research interests meet at the interface between empirical quantitative marketing, management economics, and information systems. Specifically, his research is concerned with pricing, advertising, and customer management issues in the digital economy. Methodically, his research is based on quantitative empirical modeling, applied econometrics, distributed statistical computing, causal machine learning, as well as large-scale field- and lab-experiments. Klaus research has been published in top-tier academic (e.g., the Journal of Marketing Research, the Journal of Product Innovation Management, or the International Journal of Research in Marketing), as well as management-oriented journals (e.g., Marketing Review Sankt Gallen, GFK Marketing Intelligence Review). In his research projects, he often collaborates with the industry to answer research questions at scale.

HEC Paris
Damien Charlotin is a legal technologist and researcher associated with HEC Paris and Sciences Po Paris, where he works at the intersection of law, AI, and computational methods. His current research focuses on the capabilities and limitations of large language models in legal argument-making (biblio). With a background in international law and data science, he teaches courses on legal data analysis (i.e., Python for lawyers) and on the future of the legal profession. He further teaches in Executive Education at HEC Paris and Queen Mary University London, preparing lawyers for an AI-assisted future. He maintains a database of hallucinations in lawsuits, and develops various LLM-based tools to help his legal practice as an international lawyer – including an automated cite-checker, Pelaikan. On top of this, he works as a Chief Data Officer for IAReporter, a renowned publication in the field of investment arbitration, where he develops and maintains various knowledge tools, and practices public international law.
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